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Objective:To investigate the effect and influencing factors of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive female commercial sex workers (CSW) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was used in this study. A total of 661 HIV-positive CSW receiving ART from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region′s municipal and county-level Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported to Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region CDC from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018 were included.The demographic information of the patients, marital status, past medical history, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related diseases after six to 12 months of ART, medications, CD4 + T lymphocytes, virological and immunological effects after receiving ART for six to 12 months were collected. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of virological failure and immunological failure of HIV-positive CSW after six to 12 months of ART. Results:Among 661 HIV-positive CSW, 50(7.6%) cases experienced virological failure, 80(12.1%) cases experienced immunological failure, and 13(2.0%) had both virological failure and immunological failure.There were 85 cases (12.9%) who had a history of sexually transmitted diseases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that unmarried (adjusted odds ratio (a OR)=3.298, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.285 to 8.461), AIDS-related diseases after six to 12 months of ART (a OR=4.391, 95% CI 1.555 to 12.402) and missed medications in the last seven days (a OR=3.731, 95% CI 1.942 to 7.166) were risk factors for virological failure. Compared with CD4 + T lymphocytes<200.00/μL at baseline, 350.00≤CD4 + T lymphocytes <500.00/μL (a OR=3.543, 95% CI 1.631 to 7.701) and CD4 + T lymphocytes≥500.00/μL (a OR=2.358, 95% CI 1.002 to 5.547) were risk factors for immunological failure. Conclusions:HIV-positive CSW in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region have a better treatment effect, with low rates of virological failure and immunological failure. Marital status, baseline CD4 + T lymphocyte counts, AIDS-related diseases after six to 12 months of ART, and missed medication in the last seven days are factors influencing the effect of six to 12 months of ART.
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Metabolic syndrome is a clinical syndrome characterized by the co-existence of obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia and other metabolic disorders.At present, the incidence of metabolic syndrome is increasing year by year.Metabolic syndrome is more common among the elderly, seriously threatening the quality of life in the elderly.Tea, as one of the most popular beverages in the world, has been found to have effects on lowering the levels of blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid and so on.This review summarizes the effects and possible mechanisms of tea drinking on metabolic syndrome and its components in the elderly.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the persistent damage of learning and memory ability after the cessation of sub-chronic manganese(Mn)-exposure in rats. METHODS: Specific pathogen free weaning male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and low-, medium-and high-dose groups based on body weight, with 6 rats in each group. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with Mn chloride(MnCl_2·4 H_2O) at the concentrations of 0, 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg body weight, 5 days per week for 6 weeks and continued to be observed for 12 weeks after the cessation of Mn-exposure. During the experiment, the body mass of the rats was weighed. Learning and memory ability was evaluated by a Morris water-maze task at the 6 th weeks of Mn-exposure(cessation of Mn-exposure of week 0), the 6 th and 12 th week of the cessation of Mn-exposure. The organ coefficients of heart, liver, spleen, kidney and testicles were evaluated after the cessation of Mn-exposure on week 12. RESULTS: The body mass of the high-dose group was lower than that of the other 3 groups(P<0.05) at the 4 th and 6 th week of Mn-exposure and the 2 nd week of the cessation of Mn-exposure. There was no significant difference in body mass between the groups(P>0.05) on the 12 th week of the cessation of Mn-exposure. The escape latency of high-dose group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05), and the number of platform crossings in the low-, medium-and high-dose groups were fewer than that in the control group(P<0.05) after the cessation of Mn-exposure. The escape latency was shorter and the numbers of platform crossings were higher on the 6 th and 12 th week of the cessation of Mn-exposure(P<0.05) when compared with that of the 6 th week of Mn-exposure rats. There was no statistical significance in the organ coefficients of heart, liver, spleen, kidney and testicles among the 4 groups at the 12 th week of the cessation of Mn-exposure in rats(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Sub-chronic Mn exposure can impair learning and memory ability of rats, and the damage persists after the cessation of Mn-exposure.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of manganese sulfate on blood pressure, myocardial ultrastructure and heart organ index of rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty male SPF SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (0 mg/kg), 5 mg/kg dose group, 15 mg/kg dose group and 25 mg/kg dose group, 10 rats each group. Intraperitoneal injection was performed for six months, by five times each week, the rat blood pressure was measured by tail cuff method, and the heart organ index of the rats was computed. Three rats were selected from each group randomly, and the myocardial ultrastructure of the rats was observed by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The BMD and BMDL between manganese sulfate injected dose and the rats heart organ index were evaluated by BMD (Benchmark Dose).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant of blood pressure between the experimental group and the control group (P > 0.05).The heart organ indexes of the four groups were 0.24% ± 0.10%, 0.25% ± 0.02%, 0.26% ± 0.02%, and 0.24% ± 0.02%. Statistical significance of heart organ indexes was found between the 15 mg/kg dose group and the control group (P < 0.05). Observed by TEM, we found that-different degrees of mitochondrial crest fracture or disappear, mitochondria swelling, hydropic change and myocardial fibers degeneration happened in the rats of the three exposed groups, but not the control group. The BMD and BMDL were calculated as 9.33 mg/kg and 4.28 mg/kg in the study of manganese sulfate injected dose and the rats heart organ index.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chronic manganese poisoning can lead to myocardial mitochondria superfine lesions, myocardial fiber damage and heart organ index change in rats.</p>
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Animals , Male , Rats , Manganese Compounds , Mitochondria , Myocardium , Myocytes, Cardiac , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Sulfates , Toxicity , Toxicity TestsABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the clinical value of MSCT in the diagnosis of unexplained aseites.Methods 113 patients with unexplained ascites were retrospectively reviewed by CT、clinical data and continous observation.Results Large ascites in 50 cases(44.3%),moderate amount aseites in 10 cases(8.8%),small ascites in 53 cases(46.9%);Parietal peritoneum changed in 51 cases(45.1%);Mesentery changed in 44 cases(38.9%);Grerter omentum changed in 20 eases(17.7%);Enlargement of lymph nodes in 67 cases(59.3%).Conclusion Malignant tumor was the most common cause of unexplained ascites.MSCT could help in identifying tumors and the tumor lesion,forecast malignant ascites,and had great value in etiology and diagnosis of ascites.